Terms starting with
Zero Defect Accounting
Zero defect accounting applies quality management principles to financial reporting, aiming for error-free entries and reconciliation. It focuses on preventive controls, accuracy, and continuous improvement…
READ MOREZonal Costing
Zonal costing involves calculating and comparing costs incurred across different operational zones or branches of a company. It assists management in evaluating regional profitability, optimising…
READ MOREZ-Trend Analysis
Z-trend analysis uses statistical standardisation (z-scores) to identify deviations from normal performance in financial data. It helps accountants and auditors detect anomalies, such as unusual…
READ MOREZero Variance
Zero variance occurs when actual financial outcomes perfectly match budgeted or standard figures. While rare in practice, it signifies accurate forecasting and operational control. Analysts…
READ MOREZonal Reporting
Zonal reporting is a management accounting technique that organises financial data based on geographical or operational zones. It helps multinational or multi-branch organisations assess regional…
READ MOREZero-Sum Game
A zero-sum game describes a financial situation where one party’s gain equals another’s loss, keeping the total value constant. It is often used in trading,…
READ MOREZone of Possible Agreement (ZOPA)
In accounting and financial negotiations, the Zone of Possible Agreement represents the range within which two parties can find mutually acceptable terms. Understanding ZOPA aids…
READ MOREZ-Score (Altman Z-Score)
The Z-Score is a financial metric developed by Edward Altman to predict the likelihood of business bankruptcy. It combines profitability, leverage, liquidity, and solvency ratios…
READ MOREZero Balance Account (ZBA)
A zero balance account is a type of bank account used by businesses to optimise cash management. Funds are automatically transferred to or from a…
READ MOREZero Inventory System
A zero inventory system is a just-in-time inventory strategy where goods are ordered and produced only as needed. It reduces storage costs and waste but…
READ MOREZero-Coupon Bond
A zero-coupon bond is a debt security that doesn’t pay periodic interest. Instead, it’s issued at a discount and matures at face value. The difference…
READ MOREZero-Based Budgeting (ZBB)
Zero-based budgeting is a method where every expense must be justified for each new period, starting from a zero base. Unlike traditional budgeting, it doesn’t…
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